Difference between Gram Positive Bacteria and Gram Negative Bacteria

Difference between Gram Positive Bacteria and Gram Negative Bacteria

Gram staining is known as unique strategy that is utilized to stain bacteria. This method was created by Christian Gram in year 1884. The stain utilized as a part of gram stain is known as gram stain. On the premise of cell wall arrangement and stain capacity through gram stain, bacteria are assembled into two classifications. One is gram positive bacteria and other one is gram negative bacteria.

Gram Positive Bacteria

Gram-positive bacteria are microscopic organisms that offer optimistic effect in Gram stain test. Gram-positive bacteria get up crystal violet stain utilized as a part of test, and after that give off an impression of being purple-hued when seen with a magnifying lens.

Gram Negative Bacteria

Gram-negative bacteria are gathering of microorganisms that don’t hold the violet stain utilized as a part of the Gram recoloring strategy for the purpose bacterial differentiation. They are portrayed with cell membranes they have, which are made of a slender peptidoglycan layer.

Gram Positive Bacteria VS Gram Negative Bacteria

Some contrasts related to above terms are given below

• Definition:

The bacteria which hold the shade of stain are known as gram positive bacteria.

The bacteria which free the shade of stain are known as gram negative bacteria.

• Peptidoglycan:

Gram positive bacteria mostly have thick or multilayer of peptidoglycan.

Gram negative bacteria mostly have thin or single layer of peptidoglycan.

• Gram reaction:

Gram positive bacteria maintain crystal violet color and stain purple or dark violet, when it washed with water and alcohol; they stay hued purple or blue with gram stain.

Gram negative bacteria mostly decolorized to acknowledge counter stain (Fuchsine or Safranin); stain pink or red, they never hold the gram stain after washing acetone and alcohol.

• Teichoic acid:

In many gram positive bacteria, teichoic acid is present with peptidoglycan layer.

In gram negative bacteria, teichoic acid is not present with peptidoglycan layer.

• Outer membrane:

In gram positive bacteria, outer layer is not present.

In gram negative bacteria, outer layer is mostly present.

• Toxins:

In gram positive bacteria, mostly exotoxins are produced.

In gram negative bacteria, mostly endotoxins are produced.

• Composition:

In gram positive bacteria, cell wall is actually 100 to 120 Armstrong wide and single layered. The lipid substance of cell wall is very less, while Murein substance is 70 to 80 percent which is very high amount.

In gram negative bacteria, cell wall is actually 70 to 120 Armstrong wide and two layers are present. The lipid substance is 20 to 30 percent which is high amount, though Murein substance is 10 to 20 percent which is low amount.

• Mesosome:

In gram positive bacteria, mesosome is very noticeable.

In gram negative bacteria, mesosome is very less prominent.

• Porin:

In gram positive bacteria, porin are mostly absent.

In gram negative bacteria, porin are present and hydrophilic channels usually found in outer layer.

• Rings:

In gram positive bacteria, two rings are present in basal structure of flagellum.

In gram negative structure, four rings exist in basal structure of flagellum.

Conclusion

From the above article we come to know about the cell wall structure and composition of cell wall related to gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria.